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1980-01-05
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People In Music History
Mahler, Gustav (1860-l911) Austrian (Bohemian-born) composer; also noted
conductor Vienna Opera, 1897-1907. Jewish, but became Roman Catholic. Attended
Bruckner's university lectures and admired him, but was never a direct pupil;
his own music, of an intensely expressive and chromatically inclined type, is
incidentally regarded as the forerunner of Schoenberg's and thus of twelve-tone
music. Most of his works have a literary or other nonmusical link. Wrote 9
completed symphonies notable for length, large forces used, highly individual
orchestration, and some employment of progressive tonality. Nos. 2
(Resurrection), 3 and 8 (Symphony of a Thousand) employ vocal soloists and
chorus, no. 4 a soprano soloist. No. 10, left unfinished, was completed by
Deryck Cooke and first performed entirely in this form in 1964. The Song of the
Earth, although formally a song cycle with orchestra, is also of symphonic
dimensions.